The round of the swearwords
- 1. For this and other French swearwords see the Author's Comments section below – having a separate footnote for each instead of putting them all together would use too much space on the page
- 2. Le “Catéchisme poissard”, published by Vadé in 1758, was a collection of words and phrases used as insults or swearwords by people at the Les Halles market in Parish, mainly language used by fisheives; and the phrase now mans any collection of bad (indecent, obscene, or blasphemous) words and phrases.
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In medieval times, swearing in a manner that disparaged the customs or ritual or doctrine of the RC church or contravened the third commandment was likely to be punished very severely in most European countries. Either the inquisition or the state would impose punishments often involving severe torture and or death. This resulted in a need to disguise (in fact modify) phrases and words so that one could deny that they broke these rules and avoid severe punishment. In English, the exlamation "God's Wounds" (the wounds caused by the crown of thorns, nailing to the cross, and a spear in the belly) became "Zounds", "By God" became "Egad",and so on. Most (but not all) of the French swearwords listed in this song are distortions of this sort. These swearwords with religous origin began to be less used from roughly the end of the 18th century, and their use has continued to decline since.
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The swearwords listed that were not based on religious phrases are:-
cornegidouille - a word coined by Alfred Jarry in 1895 and used in his play "Ubu Roi" first performed in 1896. It appears to mean something like "for fuck's sake".
bigre - a euphemism for "bougre"
bougre - bugger
peste - plague
pouah - pooh, poo (heneral expresion of disgust)
diantre - a eupemism for diable - devil
fichtre - fuck (a milder form than foutre)
foutre - fuck (somewhat milder than English "fuck" but not to be used in polite company)
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The swearwords based on religious phrases, each with the phrase of which it is a distortion and its meaning, are listed below the order in which they occur in the song:
morbleu: mort de Dieu, God's death
ventrebleu: ventre de Dieu [the wound in]God's belly
sacrebleu: sacré Dieu, Sacred God
parbleu: par Dieu, by God
jarnibleu: je renie Dieu, I deny God
palsambleu: par le sang de Dieu, by God's blood
cristi: Christ
ventre saint gris: ventre de Dieu (cf ventrebleu)
par ma barbe: par Dieu, by God
nom d'une pipe: nom de Dieu, God's name
pardi: par Dieu, by God
sapristi: sacré Christ, sacred Christ
sacristi: sacré Christ, sacred Christ
jarnicoton: je renie Dieu, I deny God
scrogneugneu: nom de Dieu, God's name
saperlotte: sacré Dieu, sacred God
cré nom de nom: sacrénom de Dieu, holy name of God
Bon Dieu: Bon Dieu, Good God
vertudieux: par le vertu de Dieu, by God's goodness
tonnerre de Brest: tonnerre de Dieu, God's thunder
saperlipopette: sacré Dieu, scacred God
pardieu: par Dieu, by God
jarnidieu: je renie Dieu. I deny God
pasquedieu: par le sang de Dieu, by God's blood

Thanks Pierre.
That meaning of raccourci is new to me.
I don't think it would be right to translate "charretier" as "trooper" here. In context it means someone who transported goods to Les Halles (I think).
The fishwives' reputation was already well-established in teh 18th century - as evidenced by Vadé's choice of them as his main source.

"Pasquedieu" is rather "(Par la) Pâque (Pasque in ancient French) Dieu", by God's Easter.
"Cornegidouille" was coined on the pattern of "Corne-Dieu", with "gidouille", a word invented by Jarry and used elsewhere ("Par ma sainte gidouille!"), meaning properly Ubu's belly. There is no sex there (nor anywhere in Jarry's works). As for "Corne-Dieu", it is clearly derived from "Corps de Dieu".

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